Biofeedback in Rehabilitation (Modern Review)

This paper presents a review of current biofeedback-based neurorehabilitation tools. We examined 67 publications regarding biofeedback. A solitary biological signal is utilized as a means of providing feedback: electroencephalogram (EEG), electrocardiogram (ECG), skin electrical activity (EDA), vibroacoustic signals (pneumotachymetry, pulsometry, electromyogram (EMG). Each modification of biocontrol possesses distinct characteristics and is utilized in rehabilitation in relation to them. Presently, the most prevalent channel supported by evidence is the EEG channel. Nonetheless, even this channel fails to yield the desired outcomes that would indicate the unqualified success of biofeedback application. Considering this, we have introduced a novel biofeedback concept that has been the subject of discussion in the scientific community in recent years - multimodal biofeedback. The process of information fusion entails amalgamating dynamic and variable information from diverse sources to ascertain the condition of the controlled system, providing the clinician with a comprehensive understanding. We are of the belief that biofeedback technology is on the verge of swift advancement and integration in the field of rehabilitation medicine in the foreseeable future.