Improving the Performance of WSN Using Energy Efficient Routing Algorithm with Clustering and Sink Mobility Technology

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are connected networks of highly specialized, dispersed sensors that keep track of environmental physical parameters as well as transmit the acquired data to a centralized location. The constrained energy resources of sensor nodes provide an imminent threat to the reliable functioning and efficient data exchange within these networks. This study suggests a novel method for improving the performance of WSNs by combining a clustering and sink mobility technology with an energy-efficient routing (EER) algorithm. The energy-efficient routing method effectively minimizes energy consumption during data transmission by taking into account node energy levels, distance to the sink, and data aggregation. A chosen cluster head is in charge of gathering and transmitting data to the sink, and sensor nodes are organized into clusters. The cost of communication can be reduced, and it is possible to ensure that each sensor node consumes the same amount of energy by clustering the sensor nodes. Technology for sink mobility is also made available to increase network effectiveness even more. The sink node has the ability to roam about the network since it is endowed with mobility features. By facilitating load balancing, effective data collecting from remote nodes, and energy harvesting from various regions, this mobility enhances network performance as a whole. Through rigorous simulations, the suggested integrated architecture is thoroughly assessed and its performance is contrasted with that of established methods and protocols. The proposed protocol used is the IE2-LEACH protocol which is compared with the existing CTRP protocol. In order to evaluate performance, important performance measures are used, such as throughput, control packet overhead, energy consumption and network lifetime.