A Novel Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna Based on Metamaterial for Millimeter-Wave 5G Applications

The primary objective of this study was to design a wideband millimeter-wave antenna optimized for 5G applications, targeting the frequency bands of 30.28 GHz, 36.6 GHz, 40.51 GHz, 52.55 GHz, and 58.16 GHz. To achieve this, we employed metamaterial and Defected Ground Structure (DGS) techniques. The simulation of this patch antenna and the assessment of its electromagnetic properties were conducted using the commercially available CST Microwave Studio software, with subsequent validation using HFSS.The results from the antenna design demonstrated impressive performance metrics. The antenna showcased an average gain of 3 dB.Notably, the antenna exhibited a remarkable bandwidth of approximately 34 GHz, covering the wide range from 26 GHz to 60 GHz, making it well-suited for 5G communication demands.Furthermore, the antenna’s versatility was enhanced by integrating a reconfigurability function using PIN diodes.