Indirect–Direct Secure Load Frequency Control Against False Data Injection Attacks

An indirect–direct secure control (IDSC) method is proposed for load frequency control (LFC) of multi-area power system under false data injection attacks. In the indirect secure control, based on the inherent local security of primary frequency control, an estimation system in power plant is established to reconstruct LFC commands. In the direct secure control, PI-based LFC scheme is adopted with a new robust performance index. Thus, a complementary secure strategy realized by IDSC is developed from combining resilience to cyber-physical disturbances and elimination of attack intrusion. We adopt mixed
$H_{\infty }/H_{2}$
control method to formulate and design interconnected IDSC and decentralized IDSC. Simulations of the three-area power systems are carried out to verify the validness of our proposed IDSC method.