Theoretical Aspects of Excitation and Reception of Acoustic Waves for Non-Destructive Testing of Electromechanical and Conversion Systems

Ultrasonic non-destructive testing (NDT) methods are widely used due to their applicability, theoretical foundations, and availability of commercial instruments. This paper explores the use of capacitive transducers (CT) for exciting and receiving ultrasonic vibrations. While CT s are perceived to have low sensitivity compared to classical methods, experimental evidence shows their potential for confident detection. The study aims to provide a theoretical description and experimental confirmation of exciting ultrasonic vibrations through capacitive means. Paper focuses on the excitation mode, analyzing the pressure distribution and displacement of material points. Factors affecting the displacement, such as electrode area and frequency, are examined. Paper investigates the receiving mode, demonstrating the variation in capacitance and the amplitude of the output electrical signal in the CT. The results show the potential of capacitive methods in ultrasonic testing, providing insights for optimizing sensor parameters and operating modes.