Industry 4.0 Technology Foresight in Electrical Engineering Sector

In the era of Industry 4.0, technological disruptions are transforming traditional sectors, including electrical engineering. The urgency to adapt and evolve has made technology foresight an essential tool for organizational resilience. This study investigates how such foresight is operationalized by examining selected multinational corporations such as Siemens, General Electric, and Ericsson, along with multinational innovation ecosystems like the European Research Area and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. These entities represent cornerstone examples of how technology foresight in the context of Industry 4.0 is shaping the future of the electrical engineering sector. Our findings reveal distinct but complementary approaches between corporate and ecosystem-based foresight, each filling gaps the other may not cover. These leading entities not only guide their own strategic directions but also influence the broader professional community, shaping R& D decisions and innovation strategies in the electrical engineering field. Their combined efforts offer a more nuanced and actionable roadmap for navigating the complex landscape ushered in by Industry 4.0.