Comparison of Perovskite Deposition Method on Carbon-based Perovskite Solar Cell

The increasing energy demand and the urge to tackle the climate crisis have assembled a global movement to shift from using fossil fuels for energy generation to clean energy sources. Perovskite solar cells are a promising candidate to fulfill future electricity demand because they can generate high efficiency while maintaining a low production cost. Although several deposition techniques may be employed to create perovskite film, solution-based deposition is the most common and extensively utilized in the fabrication of perovskite solar cells. Solution-based deposition methods can produce high-quality perovskite films using relatively simple and low-energy equipment. Furthermore, it is possible to tailor the precursor solution and deposition method to enhance the film quality. Solution-based deposition methods include the one-step and two-step methods. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages. On the other hand, the use of carbon as a counter electrode can increase the stability of the perovskite solar cell due to its hydrophobic properties. Perovskite material is well-known for its susceptibility to water, even moisture. This research investigates the use of one-step and two-step deposition methods on carbon-based perovskite solar cells. Different morphology produced from each deposition method has different effects on the interface between perovskite and carbon. The results demonstrate that, with an open-circuit voltage of 0.85 V, a short-circuit current density of 5.48 mA/cm
²
, and a fill factor of 0.32, the two-step technique yields a greater efficiency of 1.51%.