Generation of Nondiffraction Self-Accelerating Beam via Airy–Bessel Fusion in Two Orthogonal Directions

In this article, a novel method to generate 2-D nondiffraction self-accelerating beam by fusing Airy and Bessel profiles in two orthogonal planes is proposed. This method combines the self-acceleration and nondiffraction characteristics of the Airy beam with the nondiffraction property of the Bessel beam to generate the 2-D nondiffraction beam that propagates along a curved trajectory. A field gradient matching method is proposed for optimizing the performance of the 2-D nondiffracting self-accelerating beam. By fusing the Airy and Bessel profiles, the proposed Airy–Bessel beam inherits the advantages of both beams, which exhibit a curved trajectory while maintaining a symmetrical transverse intensity profile with reduced oscillation periods. This reduces complexity in implementation, particularly with the ability to separate the beam into two independent parts along two orthogonal directions, making it suitable for array antennas. To validate the method, a waveguide slot antenna array is designed and fabricated based on the proposed method, which employs a linear slot antenna array to achieve the Airy distribution and a feed network for the Bessel distribution. Through numerical calculations, full-wave simulations, and experimental results, the effective generation of the 2-D nondiffracting self-accelerating beam of the proposed method is demonstrated. The proposed approach offers great potential for advanced beam manipulation in various practical applications, such as near-field high-speed communication, wireless energy transmission, and imaging.