Smart Football: A Systematic Review for Constructing Optimum Team Formation in Football

Football is one of the prominent sports with high expectation from many stakeholders. Because most football clubs are not wealthy enough to buy expensive high-quality players, the football clubs should rely on good and proper player composition and formation instead to survive in the highest competition. In academic research, constructing optimum team formation for football is a challenging task, so in this study, we propose a systematic literature review to answer some research questions. The first research question regards the contribution of academic research on the Smart Football topic with the result finding of dominated contribution on Football's Team Formation topic, despite some of them still using spatiotemporal analysis. The second research question discusses methods available for team formation problems, and it can be concluded that most of them have also contributed to real football's team formation problems. Nevertheless, some of the dominant methods such as Social Network Graph, Genetic Algorithm, and Mathematical Formula Model needs more attention to be implemented in real football's team formation problem. The last research question aims to observe in which implementation domain area those team formation's algorithms mostly applied. The resulting finding is that software engineering, crowdsourcing tasks, the social media network, and team-expert tasks are the most dominant domain areas applied to team formation problems, so in the future, we can consider those domain areas to be contributed to constructing real football team formation.