Channel Fading Generation for Non-Stationary UAV Communications with Time-variant Doppler Effect

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) play a significant role in the fifth and sixth generation (5G/6G) communication networks. In this paper, a hardware channel emulator is developed to generate a non-stationary UAV channel with time-variant doppler effect on a field programmable gate array (FPGA). Different from the traditional pre-storage method, a real-time updating algorithm for time-variant channel parameters is proposed and developed on FPGA. Hardware measurement results demonstrate that the key characteristic of emulated channel including time-variant Doppler Power Spectrum Density (DPSD) is consistent with the theoretical ones, verifying the correctness of the hardware implementation.