Maximization Network Throughput by Efficient Geographic Routing Protocol for IoT based Sensor Network

IoT based sensor networks are dynamic and heterogeneous networks that require efficient routing protocols in order to effectively communicate. A geographic routing protocol (GRP) is one such routing protocol that has specific benefits for reducing energy consumption, improving scalability, and providing enhanced transmission reliability when compared to traditional routing protocols. GRPs are based on location-awareness of sensor nodes by calculating distance and direction between two nodes for shortest-path routing. GRPs eliminate the need for central controllers or complex network topologies and can efficiently route data in an ad hoc, asynchronous fashion. Additionally, they can be used in highly dynamic networks that are subject to rapid topology changes, like those seen in IoT-based sensor networks. This paper covers the basic concepts of GRPs, the advantages and disadvantages of choosing a GRP in comparison to other routing protocols, and provides example applications where a GRP could be utilized.