Optimal Power Dispatch Problem Incorporating Electric Vehicles

Electric vehicles (EVs) are introduced as one of the alternatives in power dispatching for hybrid power systems. In this paper a power dispatch model is proposed in order to optimize the operation of thermal units taking into account the penetration of EVs. The impact of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) and grid-to-vehicle (G2V) technologies are tested under different profiles for vehicle penetration throughout a time horizon of 48 hours. The constraints of thermal units as well as EVs are considered which include generation limits, transmission losses and the state of charge (SoC) of the EVs. The arrival and departure time of the EVs are decided according to the EVs’ SoC. The proposed model is solved by the hybrid mean variance mapping optimization (MVMO-SH) technique. The results obtained show that V2G technology has caused a drop in the total operating cost of the power system under study.