Dynamic Frequency Regulation based on Hierarchical Control of DERs in Microgrid

This paper presents a dynamic frequency regulation technique and control which prioritizes the use of PV as the primary control and battery as the secondary control. When the frequency of the islanded microgrid varies, the frequency deviation is used to determine the operating point of the PV on the P-V curve. The predefined PV’s operating region is set, and the battery control kicks in (to either charge or discharge the battery) whenever the required active power needed for frequency regulation would drag the PV’s operating point outside this region. In order to execute the proposed hierarchical control strategy, two novel local controllers are developed for both the PV and battery systems. The effectiveness of the control strategy and the local controllers are validated in MATLAB/Simulink and a real-time simulation platform. The proposed control architecture helps to reduce the number of battery charging and discharging cycles, consequently increasing its longevity as well as reducing the system’s overall cost.