Dynamic Numerical Analysis of Interactions Between High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse and Power Grid

High-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) has the competence to produce extensive and even eternal disruption when interacting with modern power grid. In order to provide a better protection of power grid, it is necessary to understand the influence. In this article, the power grid is analyzed using a dynamical model based on Kuramoto-like oscillators, and the HEMP is considered as a wide-range interference source. It generates transient high-voltage interference through the transmission line coupling, which may damage the transformer. Failure of the transformer will change the connection of power grid, which may lead to a frequency deviation of 10 Hz at each node for the considered IEEE 57-node model. The oscillation of nodes can lead to the failure of the power grid. Those results reveal the impact of HEMP on synchronous stability of complex power grid. By modeling and analyzing the effect of HEMP on the power grid, the power quality and stability of the power grid can be comprehensively evaluated, which provides important information that supports the optimization of the power system facing wide-rage electromagnetic interference.