IoT based Forest Fire Detection and Protection System

Early detection of forest fires is very crucial, since forest fires can have a great deal of environmental impact. Overwhelmingly, forest fires are the most prevalent type of disaster. A survey found that fires would have been prevented from causing 80% of losses if detected early. The detection of forest fires is carried out with the use of an IoT based device. Monitoring forest health, fire detection and location, as well as informing the forest authority is the goal of this work. As a result, the necessary action can be taken immediately. This research consists of an interactive fire detector that interfaces with a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, and a signal via Node MCU. Detection of heat is made by the temperature sensor, and detection of smoke is done by the smoke sensor. An Arduino buzzer provides an alert signal. Wi-Fi Module transmits data from the PIR flame sensor to the central unit, and an alert is sent via text message or call. The fire has been prevented from spreading further by installing a prevention system. Forest Fire prediction is also done using Machine Learning Algorithms, in which Random Forest outperforms the existing models with the classification accuracy of 99%.