Artificial Intelligence Applications in the Control and Performance Improvement of Modular Multilevel Converters: A Review

This paper reviews the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in enhancing the performance and control of Modular Multilevel Converters (MMC). High-quality voltage and current waveforms, low blocking voltage of switches provided by their modular structures, and flexibility are all features offered by MMCs, which are typically controlled using Model Predictive Control (MPC). However, AI can be considered as an alternative to conventional controllers to mitigate limitations of the MMC. Additionally, AI can enable online fault diagnosis and submodule capacitor monitoring, thus improving the performance of MMC. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the existing research in this area.