A Multi-Agent Distributed Operation Solution to Electricity and Natural Gas Distribution Systems for Enhancing Resilience

The multi-energy synergy of electricity and natural gas distribution systems (EGDS) offers a more proactive potential for resiliency in extreme contingencies. The interests of energy systems owned by different agents are nonnegligible in resilience enhancement. Existing distributed coordinated operation models seldom consider the multiple resilience resources co-scheduling cost and the social resilience enhancement benefit allocation. Absence of an equilibrium transaction settlement rule to constrain the “reap without effort” phenomenon and the concealed quotation behavior. To address this issue, this paper presents a multi-agent distributed operation and settlement model to EGDS for enhancing resilience, and a hierarchical solution based on the cooperative game theory is developed. Specifically, the model is formulated as a two-stage optimization framework including the social resilience enhancement subproblem and the transaction settlement subproblem. The transaction settlement rule of multi-energy coupling support is characterized as the model with quotation uncertainty is solved, and the balanced operational cost of a diverse allocation strategy is given as an output of the optimization. Two test cases of different scales are used to verify the validity and applicability of the model, whose numerical results show the subject interest and social interest are both improved while protecting privacy.