Vehicle Energy Management System: a survey

The development of the energy management systems (EMS) improves the energy efficiency of vehicular systems, control operational factors and behavior of electromechanical components by appropriating machine learning and IoT techniques, making the systems more intelligent, sustainable, and interconnected. Specially, the inclusion of technology such as Industry 4.0 have allowed to improve the range of operation, control and optimization of autonomous vehicles. In fact, EMS have become relevant with the emergence of electrical vehicles (EV’s) and are proposed as an alternative to minimize dependence on fossil fuels, mitigation of negative ecological impacts, increase safety, also suggest efforts to achieve new energy sources, charge stations, decisions about final disposal of components and life cycle prediction which can be summed up in the need for more technological coverage. This article aims to show the framework about the EMS based on concepts, differences, advantages and disadvantages of the EV’s.