A Multiband Microstrip Patch Antenna with Mandelbrot Fractal Structure

This paper tables a novel multiband fractal patch antenna based on Mandelbrot set geometry with degree 3, iteration number of 5. The proposed antenna consists of a main radiator on the top of the substrate, a microstrip feed line, and a ground plane on the bottom of the substrate. The size is
$87.5\times 61\times 1.6\ \text{mm}^{3}$
in total. In terms of the main radiator, a Mandelbrot fractal is cut from a round-angle-triangle and the structure is iterated 4 times, connecting to the feed line. According to the simulation results, the proposed antenna covers multiple bands for multiple uses, especially wide-area use. Also, it shows high gains in working frequency.