Performance Analysis of 2D-DCT based JPEG Compression Algorithm

Image Compression is an important process in digital image processing, allowing for the reduction of data size while maintaining image quality. The technique of Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is commonly employed in the compression of images, which involves transforming an image from the spatial domain to the frequency domain. Further, the image is quantized, and encoded. In this paper, the effectiveness of DCT for image compression is examined and the compressed image quality is analyzed using Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Mean Squared Error (MSE) metrics. Results demonstrate that DCT is an effective method for image compression, providing high compression ratios while maintaining reasonable image quality. Using the algorithm discussed in this paper, for a Quality factor (Q-factor) of 50, a compression ratio of 26.42:1, PSNR of 31.95 dB, and MSE of 0.0007 was achieved.