A Novel Fractal RDRA for C-Band Applications

In this article, the authors propose a novel fractal dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) design using the golden ratio approach. The proposed antenna is evolved using a Minkowski fractal first iteration and the Fibonacci series sequence. The proposed antenna is fed with a conformal square-shaped strip for impedance matching, and to further improve the impedance bandwidth (BW) a rectangular slot is etched in the ground plane which results in defected ground structure (DGS) at the bottom. With the help of the self-similar property of fractals, higher order resonant three broadside modes first TE111 mode at 4 GHz, TE113 mode at 6.8 GHz, and TE115 mode at 8.3 GHz are brought close which leads to wider impedance BW. For experimental validation, a prototype is fabricated, and return loss, radiation pattern, and antenna gain are measured. Furthermore, reasonable agreement between the measured and simulated results is observed with an impedance BW
$S_{11}\leq -10$
dB of 82% (3.80–8.70 GHz) and a maximum gain of 7.62 dBi. The proposed antenna is best suitable for the entire
$C$
-band (4–8 GHz) applications.