A side-channel resistant implementation of AES combining clock randomization with duplication

Deep learning transformed side-channel analysis and made many conventional countermeasures obsolete. This brings the need for more effective, deep learning-resistant defense mechanisms. We propose a method for protecting hardware implementations of cryptographic algorithms that combines clock randomization with duplication. The presented method ensures that the duplicated block generates algorithmic noise that is dependent on the input of the primary block and has a similar power profile. In addition, the duplicated block does not create any secret key-related leakage. We evaluate the presented method on the example of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm implemented in FPGA. Our experimental results show that the protected AES implementation is resistant to deep learning-based power analysis.