Effect of the adaptation of LED lighting in in vitro chambers on the environmental conditions of temperature and humidity of the plant cultures

Replacing fluorescent lamps with LED lighting allows greater control over the growth and morphogenesis of in vitro cultures. It allows adjustment of the light spectrum to the different biological processes of plants and reduces operating energy costs. However, there are other environmental aspects that are also affected by lighting, such as temperature and humidity, which must be considered in order to optimize growth processes. In this work, the different temperature conditions of the plant cultures are measured experimentally for the two lighting models indicated with equivalent intensity and spectral reproduction conditions. The results show important differences with the two technologies, finding, on average, around 4 and 5°C more in the microenvironments of the cultures with fluorescence than with LED. This generates another significant difference in the appearance to a much greater extent of water condensation in the containers using fluorescence with negative effects both on the resulting humidity and on the development of diseases and contamination in crops.