Water Supply Network Optimization based on Improved Sparrow Search Algorithm

The water supply network is an essential infrastructure for urban life, and designing a scientific and reasonable water supply network can not only reduce construction and operation and maintenance costs but also enhance the reliability of the system. However, the design of the system involves complex constraints, as well as optimizing the pipe network is a nonlinear problem that significantly impacts construction investments. Traditional optimization methods have demonstrated poor performance in pipe network optimization due to low convergence accuracy and weak global search capabilities. To address these shortcomings, this paper proposes an Improved Sparrow Search Algorithm (ISSA) that introduces a Levy flight strategy to increase spatial search diversity and eliminate the small search space in the late iteration period and random walk around the optimal solution. The improved algorithm is applied to Hanoi, New York, and ZJ pipe networks, showing that it can efficiently find the best cost design scheme while reducing calculation cost and realizing rapid optimization of the combination optimization problem.