B-DSPA: A Blockchain-Based Dynamically Scalable Privacy-Preserving Authentication Scheme in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

The big data of Internet of Vehicles contributes to the development of intelligent transportation. Privacy protection in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) is the core factor to improve user and vehicle participation. This article proposes a novel blockchain-based dynamic extensible privacy protection and message authentication scheme for VANETs. It minimizes the computation cost of message authentication based on an elliptic curve and message batch verification. Based on the Chinese remainder theorem, this scheme protects transmitted message security by adaptively and dynamically responding to vehicles and roadside units accessing the VANET. It offers a smart contract-based forensics and tracing solution from the accident vehicle. In addition, strict security proof and analysis that the scheme meets the security requirements for the VANET. It evaluates the efficiency of the scheme, and the results show its practicality.