Wireless Sensor Network Clustering Model

The actual problem of energy efficiency of a wireless sensor network is discussed. The features of a wireless sensor network at the level of network elements, their interaction and the properties of self-healing of the network are given. It is shown that clustering of the sensor network is one of the effective ways to reduce the power consumption of each device, and allows to increase the life cycle of the entire network as a whole. The simulation of a wireless sensor network with direct data transmission to the base station and a clustered network with data transmission through the cluster head nodes. Analysis of the simulation results showed that in the absence of clustering, the lifetime of the network becomes 3 times shorter. The majority of nodes that are farthest from the base station die at an early stage. This is due to the fact that the energy required for direct communication with the base station is much higher than for communication with the nearest head node. It is also shown that clustering helps to maintain the scale of network coverage for a long time.