Modeling and Comparative Analysis of Microwave Circulators with Variation of Material Properties

Circulators have numerous applications in communications industry due to their non-reciprocal behavior and have countless research opportunities for engineering fraternity. In this paper, material properties are discussed by which performance of circulators can be improved. Dominating performance parameters are reflection coefficient, dielectrics, scattering matrix etcetera. 3-port circulator is discussed with variation in the value of relative permittivity and in the designed model relative permittivity of around 12.5 found good for isolation in circulators. Ferrite material is commonly used magnetized material in circulators and further materials can be analyzed to achieve better reflection coefficient.