Voltage- and Current-mode ÷3 Injection-Locked Frequency Divider

This letter studies a divide-by-3 injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) using a standard
$0.18\ \mu m$
CMOS process. This study compares the ILFD performance of a designed 3:1 ILFD operating in the voltage-mode or current-mode depending on the bias condition. The ILFD with a dual-resonance resonator uses one-twisted inductor, which becomes effective in the low-frequency band and reduces magnetic field radiation.