An Optimal Circular and Concentric Circular Antenna Array Design Using a Meta-Heuristic Optimisation

The accurate design of an efficient concentric circular antenna array and circular antenna array are discussed in this article using a meta-heuristic optimization algorithm name atomic orbital search (AOS). The results certify an improvement regarding the decrement of half-power beam width and side lobe level in the emission characteristics of the designed array. A lower SLL is preferable to prevent intervention in the highly-dense electromagnetic environment of the entire side lobe region. Here, the feeding currents and the inter-elemental lengths between the elements of the CAA and 3-ring CCAA structure are resolved using a meta-heuristic optimization algorithm. In this paper, the design of two CCAA (3-ring) structures is shown in both the absence and presence of the centre element by optimizing the feeding currents and the inter-elemental separation. The achieved results are compared with those of the most recently published literature. The comparison ensures the superior achievement of the AOS algorithm-based findings for designing of a CAA and 3-ring CCAA structure.