Analysis of Varying Car Geometry Accuracies for Ray Tracing Simulations in Urban V2V Scenarios

Fifth Generation (5G) communications are envisioned to be an important part of future vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communications. Therefore, the characterization of V2V channels is a growing research area. Several different methods, such as ray tracing are used for the channel modeling. In this context, the geometries for the ray tracing simulations are key to obtain correct channel models. This paper focuses on the car geometries for urban scenarios, since they are one of the most important objects in urban environments. Car models with different accuracies are used, to perform ray tracing simulations, in order to assess the effect of the car accuracies on the simulations. It can be observed, that low poly car models provide the best tradeoff between computational complexity and simulation accuracy for ray tracing simulations. So the computational complexity is significantly reduced, while the simulation results are changing between 5% to 15%, depending on the scenario.

I. Introduction

Vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communications are gaining more and more attention lately. The implementation of new technologies, such as autonomous driving and the internet of things (IoT) are heavily depending on a reliable communication link between vehicles [1]. These technologies lead to a higher efficiency in traffic, e.g. by reducing traffic jams and in general to a safer environment with less accidents [2]. For this purpose, the IEEE 802.11p standard determined the carrier frequency of 5.9 GHz for vehicular communications, while the Electronic Communications Committee (ECC) reserved several similar bands for vehicular communications. The bandwidths are varying around 0.1-1.5 GHz, depending on the exact application. So the first step for a standardization of the V2V communication is already done. Additionally, higher frequencies, starting from 28 GHz going up to 63-64 GHz are currently under investigation for V2V channels, to further increase the capabilities of the communication channel, even beyond 5G [3].