The Fault-tolerant Single-FPGA Systems with a Self-repair Reconfiguration Controller

Fault tolerance in electronic systems is essential in harsh environments such as space. However, FPGAs that can be used to accelerate various computations are prone to configuration memory faults that determine their function. Repairing these faults is essential to increase system resilience. For this purpose, the partial dynamic reconfiguration controller is necessary. We force the controller to be on the same FPGA with a payload circuit to design a comprehensive system inside one FPGA. We create and thoroughly test a new reconfiguration controller to increase the system's resiliency with the ability to repair itself during its own operation. For this purpose, the FPGA controller is in coarse-grained triple modular redundancy to be able to recover despite the failure of any of its modules. The proposed controller has been tested to increase the resilience of circuits from a set of benchmark circuits. The entire system with the controller was evaluated on an actual FPGA, where faults were injected directly into the configuration memory of this FPGA. Reliability parameters are measured by a platform designed for this purpose, partly directly on the tested FPGA. As we can see from the results, the mean time to failure has been increased by up to 69% compared to a system equipped with only triple modular redundancy with a reasonable amount of hardware resources. The competitive solution brings only a 42% improvement in resilience with similar parameters.