Ant Colony Optimization in MANET for Decreasing Energy Consumption with ML Approaches

To coordinate access from the active nodes, MAC protocols are used in ad hoc networks. Many media access control (MAC) protocols have been suggested for use in ad hoc networks, each with its own unique set of goals. The goal of many ad hoc networks is to increase the amount of time that its individual nodes, and by extension, the network, can function. Ad-hoc nodes are considered dead when their batteries run out, hence it is crucial to reduce power drain. Because to the nature of MANETs, in which nodes must depend on limited, portable power sources, energy efficiency is a significant barrier to their widespread implementation. In multi-hop systems, where nodes must additionally expend energy to route packets for other nodes and assure the connection of the network, energy saving is difficult. Since energy-efficient routing is a relatively new area of study, there are still many open questions that need to be investigated and no widely accepted standards in place. Several routing protocols used the shortest route as a criterion for path selection; however, this is inappropriate due to the topology's significant and unexpected variability and does not assume the most efficient use of energy. Simulation is the primary tool for testing the efficacy of several routing protocols in MANETs, including RIP, RIPng, PS-RIP, PSLLC-RIP, PS-RIPng, PSLLC-RIPng, FLBUDTCRIP, and ANFISBUDTCRIP. Exata 5.4 GUI network simulator and OPNET tools are used to analyse the efficiency of the suggested protocols. All the simulation results show \that the suggested protocols perform better than the current RIP protocols.