Real-Time Simulation of Battery ElectricVehiclewith PI Controller Tuned by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm using OPAL-RT

Theincreased atmospheric adulteration due to the exponential growth in the number of on-road vehicles is creating a problem for metropolitan residents. In present time, E-Vehicles (EVs)are among the finest alternatives to the traditional form of transportation. The EVs represent the feasible candidates in reducing the hazardous emissions from the environment due to the conventional vehicles. In this paper, a battery electric vehicle (BEV) model is developed in Simulink, a MATLAB-based graphical programming environment. The main objective of the developed model is to reduce the steady state error and regularize the speed of BEV using PI controller tuned with Particle Swarm optimization (PSO). The BEV model is Analyzed and simulated in MATLAB and validated through a real time OPAL-RT simulator (OP4510).