Nickel oxide, Graphene and Titanium dioxide nanocomposite anode for enhanced efficiency in Dye Sensitized Solar Cells

A Nickel Oxide (NiO), Graphene (Gr) and TiO
2
(titanium di oxide) nanocomposite was successfully prepared and used as an efficient anode in dye sensitized solar cell (DSSCs) using N719 dye, iodide electrolyte and platinum counter electrode. The SEM and EDS analysis of NiO, Gr and TiO
2
nanoparticles and nanocomposites of NiO-Gr-TiO
2
are shown. The optical and photovoltaic properties of nanoparticles and nanocomposites were studied. The absorbance increases from 282 nm to 360 nm. The decrease in bandgap from 3.22 to 2.26 was observed. The fabricated DSSC with TiO
2
anode gives the efficiency of 4.71%. The influence of NiO and Gr in TiO
2
is the enhancement in efficiency to 8.76%.