Analysis of Clustering based Hierarchical Routing Protocols for WUSN Architecture

Exploring underwater life and its resources requires a Wireless Underground Sensor Network (WUSN). The sensor nodes can stay underwater while still establishing a wireless network with one another and other nodes. Numerous underwater monitoring applications are made possible by WUSN because of this feature, which is unavailable with a conventional wireless sensor network (WSN). Authors have made great advances in recent years in their ability to access and study the ocean's depths and resources. There are many key distinctions between the routing techniques of traditional fixed networks and those of WUSN. This paper makes an attempt to provide analysis of different cluster-based routing protocols in WUSN. The protocols such as LEACH, PEFASIS, HEED, TEEN, APTEEN, SEP, DWEHC, DEBC, EEHC, SDEEC, DDEEC, WEP, ECBDA, and DCEBC are considered for comparison. Furthermore, it presents the internal architecture of WUSN and its types, challenges, and applications. The comparison between various clustering protocols has been analyzed based on various performance parameters such as mobility, energy, data aggregation, node deployment, scalability, location, data delivery etc.