Horse herd optimization MPPT for grid connected PV system under partial shading conditions

Standard perturb and observe maximum power point tracking (P&O) MPPT is widely used in photovoltaic (PV) energy systems. However, there are two major issues with this method when partial shading conditions (PSCs) is present. For starters, P&O MPPT is a time-invariant method that cannot track the ever-changing global peak (GP) under shading pattern’s that vary in brightness over time and maintains the initial GP that appears. The Horse herd optimization MPPT is presented in this work to overcome the problem of conventional MPPT during partial shading. Results reveal that MPPT for optimizing a horse herd outperforms P&O in key respects, including accuracy, efficiency, decrease of near-steady-state oscillations, and gentle tuning of the GP under observation.