Investigation of the Patch Antenna Characteristics with the Impact of Metamaterial

Future communication has excessive control over wireless communication due to the great rate of data transmission. A microstrip patch antenna is designed using Flame Retardant-4 substrate with the dielectric constant 4.4 and tangent loss -0.002, with a thickness of 1.6mm. The proposed patch antenna is designed with rectangular, square, triangular, and circular shapes and it is implemented with metamaterial to improve the performance characteristics. The proposed antenna resonates multiple frequencies with acceptable antenna gain, directivity, and reflection coefficient. The future antennas are replicated using the High-Frequency Simulation Software tool and analyzed the antenna characteristics. Among the different patches, the metamaterials-based rectangular microstrip patch antenna exhibits good antenna results such as -32.89 dB return loss, 1.034 VSWR, and 7.8 dB gain at the resonating frequency of 7.6. The proposed metamaterial antennas are applicable for various wireless communications including 5G applications, and satellite and radar communication.