High Gain Antenna Design of a Rectenna System for RF Energy Harvesting in Smart City Applications

This work presents a microstrip line fed patch antenna design for effective Radio frequency energy harvesting (RFEH) rectenna system at 3.5 GHz WiMAX applications with 40 × 35 mm
²
as an overall size of the antenna. The prospective antenna structure is a rectangular patch antenna with four slots etched on the radiator and active elements introduced in the diagonal slots. Furthermore, a defective ground structure (DGS) is introduced resulting in improved impedance bandwidth and a gain of 5.47 dB is achieved. The E-plane which corresponds to radiation exhibits the characteristics of directional radiation pattern while the H-plane showcases an omnidirectional pattern. The results exhibit that the designed antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 1.54 GHz and a high gain of 5.47 dB. The antenna is designed using the High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS).