Performance Evaluation of Polarization Sensitive Array Based DOA Estimation

This paper presents the performance evaluation of antenna array-based direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. To illuminate the capability of polarization sensitive array (PSA) for localization, this paper studies its performance bound in contrast to the scalar array (SA). We formulate the signal models of PSA and SA in a unified format and describe the expression of the Cramer-Rao lower bounds (CRLB) for multi-variables. Then the CRLB of the azimuth and elevation angles are derived for them by varying array formation and direction of signal arrival. Simulations in various cases validate the benefits of polarization information for localization and provide guidance for array design.