Computer Vision based Tools and Technologies for Navigational Assistance for the Visually Impaired

One of the most pressing challenges concerning visual impairment is navigation in complex real-life environments. Blind people often use guide dogs which are expensive, canes, or other people to find their way around. Over the years, various tools have been developed to make the process of way-finding easier for the visually impaired, based on numerous technologies, including computer vision, SLAM algorithms and embedded systems. In the following paper, a number of the most effective tools and their corresponding mechanisms are discussed. These have been divided into software and hardware-oriented tools to provide the reader with better clarity. Furthermore, an analysis of the effectiveness of these alternative methods has been done, along with possible solutions to any shortcomings posed by these tools. The review concludes with a discussion about the different aspects to keep in mind while building navigational tools to assist the visually impaired.