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Transient Analysis of Transmission Towers: Influence of Grounding System Topologies
Walter Luiz Manzi de Azevedo;Jose Luciano Aslan D’Annibale;Wagner Costa da Silva;Anderson Ricardo Justo de Araujo;Jose Pissolato Filho;Behzad Kordi
ICLP 2024; 37th International Conference on Lightning Protection
Year: 2024 | Conference Paper |
This paper investigates the influence of the tower footing grounding system (GS) on the transient response of a tall transmission tower subjected to lightning strikes. For this purpose, a 115-m-high transmission tower located on two types of ground: frequency-dependent soil (FD) and perfect electric conductor (PEC). The simulations use full-wave electromagnetic software (FWES) FEKO/Altair Engineer...Show More
Filtered Frequency Spectrum Method to Compute the Ground Potential Rise Due to Lightning Strikes
José Luciano Aslan D’Annibale;Walter Luiz Manzi de Azevedo;Wagner Costa Da Silva;Anderson Ricardo Justo de Araújo;José Pissolato Filho
2024 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)
Year: 2024 | Conference Paper |
The concerns regarding the Ground Potential Rise (GPR), which is generated by lightning strikes and can result in hazardous voltages in the vicinity of ground electrodes, have driven the development of models for Lightning Protection Systems (LPS) that take into account soil properties. Utilizing an appropriate model that generates approximate results for diverse LPS geometries, a devised direct t...Show More
Backflashover analysis in power transmission lines located on high-resistive porous soil
Anderson R. J. Araújo;Walter L. M. Azevedo;Jaimis S. L. Colqui;José Pissolato Filho
23rd International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering (ISH 2023)
Year: 2023 | Conference Paper |
This work investigates the influence of the porosity level on grounding modeling proposed by Archie’s formula and the harmonic grounding impedance (HGI) of a cross-foot grounding system buried in this type of soil. Then, the Ground Potential Rise (GPR) generated for the lightning currents representative of the first and subsequent return strokes is calculated. Finally, the overvoltages at the tran...Show More
The filtered frequency spectrum method for GPR evaluation due to lightning strikes
José Luciano A. D'Annibale;Anderson R. J. Araújo;Walter L. M. Azevedo;José Pissolato Filho
23rd International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering (ISH 2023)
Year: 2023 | Conference Paper |
Concerns about the ground potential rise (GPR) developed by lightning strokes, which result in hazardous voltages, have led to models for Lightning Protection Systems (LPS) considering the soil properties. A direct time-domain GPR evaluation may be a realistic estimation using an appropriate model for producing fast and approximate results for different LPS geometries. This is also achieved by con...Show More
Transient analysis of interconnected and unconnected grounding grids in stratified soils
Wagner Costa da Silva;Walter L. M. Azevedo;Anderson R. J. Araújo;José Pissolato Filho
23rd International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering (ISH 2023)
Year: 2023 | Conference Paper |
Grounding systems are fundamental to dissipate the impulse currents or minimize the induced high overvoltages on nearby grids. However, the grounding conductors can be damaged due to electromotive forces, disconnecting parts of the grounding grids. This work investigates the influence of the physical factors (frequency effect, stratification, water content, and porosity level) on soil modeling for...Show More
On the Transient Behaviour of Vertical Grounding Electrodes Buried in Soils with Frequency-Dependent Electrical Parameters
Walter Luiz Manzi de Azevedo;Anderson Ricardo Justo de Araújo;José Pissolato Filho
2023 15th IEEE International Conference on Industry Applications (INDUSCON)
Year: 2023 | Conference Paper |
This paper investigates the transient responses generated on a vertical rod buried in soil with electrical parameters that vary with frequency effect and on a transmission line subjected to impulsive currents. The harmonic grounding impedance (HGI) is calculated for a 5-m rod buried in frequency-dependent (FD) and frequency-constant (FC) soils using full-wave electromagnetic software Altair FEKO e...Show More
Backflashover Analysis of Transmission Lines Considering Variation of Soil Electrical Parameters with Frequency and Water Content
Walter Luiz Manzi De Azevedo;Jaimis Sajid Leon Colqui;Anderson Ricardo Justo De Araújo;José Pissolato Filho;Behzad Kordi
2023 15th IEEE International Conference on Industry Applications (INDUSCON)
Year: 2023 | Conference Paper |
This paper investigates the lightning performance of three soil models considering their electrical parameters dependent on the frequency and water content. These soil models are Smith-Longmire, Scott, and Messier models. First, the harmonic grounding impedance of a 30-m rod buried in stratified soil is analyzed using the full-wave electromagnetic software Altair FEKO for a frequency range of 100 ...Show More
Transient Analysis on Wind Farms with Interconnected Grounding Systems Located on Frequency-Dependent Soils
Wagner Costa Da Silva;Walter Luiz Manzi De Azevedo;José Luciano Aslan D’Annibale;Anderson Ricardo Justo De Araújo;José Pissolato Filho
2023 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)
Year: 2023 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (1)
This paper investigates the transient voltages generated in a wind farm located on frequency-dependent (FD) soil for lightning striking at one of the towers. The soil is modeled by its FD electrical parameters proposed by CIGRE WG. First,‘ the ground potential rise (GPR) and voltages at different parts of the wind turbine are calculated using commercial full-wave electromagnetic software XGSLab® e...Show More
Grounding Impulse Impedance Estimation for Vertical Rods Buried in Porous Soil
Walter Luiz Manzi de Azevedo;Anderson Ricardo Justo de Araújo;José Pissolato Filho
2023 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)
Year: 2023 | Conference Paper |
This paper proposes a methodology to compute the impulse impedance of a vertical rod buried in a porous soil modeled by improved Archie’s formula. The harmonic grounding impedance (HGI) is computed by using the Transmission Line Model (TLM) in MATLAB® for a frequency range from 100 Hz up to 5MHz. The transient ground potential rise (GPR) is computed for the first and subsequent lighting return str...Show More
Impact of Volumetric Water Content and Porosity on Transmission Lines Submitted to Energization and Lightning Strikes
Tainá F. G. Pascoalato;Anderson R. J. de Araújo;Sérgio Kurokawa;José Pissolato Filho
2022 Workshop on Communication Networks and Power Systems (WCNPS)
Year: 2022 | Conference Paper |
This paper investigates the impact of the improved Archie's model for soil resistivity considering the volumetric water content and porosity on the transient responses developed for energization and a lightning strike applied at only one phase of the line. In this study, an overhead transmission line located on saturated sandy soil modeled by different levels of volumetric water content and porosi...Show More
Influence of Frequency-Dependent Soil Models with Variable Water Content on Transient Responses of Overhead Transmission Lines
Tainá Fernanda Garbelim Pascoalato;Anderson Ricardo Justo De Araújo;Sérgio Kurokawa;José Pissolato Filho
2022 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)
Year: 2022 | Conference Paper |
This paper provides a short review and a comparison of three soil models, Scott (S), Longmire-Smith (LS) and Messier (M), where the effect of variation of water content on its frequency-dependent electrical parameters are considered. The transient performance of voltages developed for a lightning strike on a three-phase overhead transmission line (TL) above this type of soil are computed. The curr...Show More
Analysis on Induced Voltages in Wind Farms Close to Distribution Lines on Frequency-Dependent Soil
Wagner Costa Da Silva;Walter Luiz Manzi De Azevedo;José Luciano Aslan D'Annibale;Anderson Ricardo Justo De Araújo;José Pissolato Filho
2022 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)
Year: 2022 | Conference Paper |
This paper investigates the impact of the frequency-dependent soil electrical parameters on the transient voltages generated along the wind tower (WT) and on the induced voltages on an overhead distribution line (DL) close to the WT for a lightning striking at the WT. For this objective, a full-wave electromagnetic commercial software XGSLab® based on the Partial Element Equivalent Circuit (PEEC) ...Show More
Transient Analysis of Grounding Electrodes in Multilayer Soils Using Method of Moments
Anderson Ricardo Justo de Araújo;Jaimis Sajid Leon Colqui;Walter Luiz Manzi de Azevedo;Sérgio Kurokawa;Jose Pissolato Filho;Behzad Kordi
IEEE Latin America Transactions
Cited by: Papers (2)
Grounding electrodes are expected to provide a low-impedance path for faults and lightning transient currents and protect the safety of electrical equipment and nearby people against dangerous induced potentials. In this context, a precise model of the grounding electrodes is needed to represent a certain electrode arrangement buried in stratified soil. This paper computes the grounding impedances...Show More
Computation of Transient Voltages on Wind Turbines on Frequency-Dependent Soil Caused by Lightning Strikes
Walter L. M. de Azevedo;Wagner C. da Silva;Anderson R. J. de Araújo;José Pissolato Filho
2021 Workshop on Communication Networks and Power Systems (WCNPS)
Year: 2021 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (4)
Wind energy is one of the main sources of renewable energy in power grids. In this context, wind turbines (WT) are subjected to lightning strikes due to their height and locations. In order to investigate the lightning performance of the WT, an equivalent circuit of the wind structure is implemented in the ATP software. For this analysis, the transient voltages on the WT located on frequency-depen...Show More
Transient Responses on Transmission Lines Located Above Frequency-Dependent Soil with Variable Water Content
Tainá F. G. Pascoalato;Anderson R. J. de Araújo;Sérgio Kurokawa;José Pissolato Filho
2021 Workshop on Communication Networks and Power Systems (WCNPS)
Year: 2021 | Conference Paper |
This paper investigates the influence of frequency-dependent soil parameters with variable water content in the transient responses of single-circuit three-phase transmission line (TL) subjected to lightning subsequent return stroke. For this purpose, we use the Nakagawa’s approach to compute the ground-return impedance and admittance matrices the frequency-dependent soil modeled by Messier is emp...Show More
Impact of Different Frequency-Dependent Soil Models in Transient Ground Potential Rise
Anderson R. J. de Araújo;Walter L. M. de Azevedo;José Pissolato Filho
2021 14th IEEE International Conference on Industry Applications (INDUSCON)
Year: 2021 | Conference Paper |
The frequency dependence of soil electrical parameters must be considered for a precise computation of the electrode grounding impedance and of the transient ground potential rise (GPR) generated by an injected lightning current. This work computes the grounding impedances of conductors (rods and electrodes) seen as short transmission lines (TL) based on the Transmission Line Model (TLM). These co...Show More
Transient Analysis of Interconnected Grounding Grids Under Physically Damaged Conditions
Anderson R. J. de Araújo;Walter L. M. de Azevedo;José L. A. D’ Annibale;Wagner C. da Silva;José Pissolato Filho
2021 14th IEEE International Conference on Industry Applications (INDUSCON)
Year: 2021 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (1)
Grounding grids (GG) must guarantee the electrical safety to personnel during services and operations on substations. In this context, GG must provide a low-impedance path for fault currents during transient conditions, and also offer a potential reference to all equipment in normal conditions. Due to corrosion, natural phenomena and electromotive forces between conductors, the grounding electrode...Show More
Study of Frequency-Dependent Soils with Water Content in Transient Responses
Anderson R. J. de Araújo;Walter L. M. de Azevedo;José Pissolato Filho
2021 14th IEEE International Conference on Industry Applications (INDUSCON)
Year: 2021 | Conference Paper |
This work computes the harmonic grounding impedance and the generated Ground Potential Rise (GPR) for cylindrical conductors buried in a frequency-independent (FI) soil and in frequency-dependent (FD) soils with variable water content. Results show that harmonic grounding impedance is significantly modified as the water content increases, and the GPR peaks are considerably reduced in humid soils.Show More
An Analysis of Frequency-Dependent Soil Models: Influence on the Transient Responses
Tainá F. G. Pascoalato;Anderson R. J. de Araújo;Jaimis S. L. Colqui;Sérgio Kurokawa;José Pissolato Filho
2021 14th IEEE International Conference on Industry Applications (INDUSCON)
Year: 2021 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (1)
Longitudinal impedance and transversal admittance of overhead transmission line (OHTL) are dependent on the ground which the line conductors are located. Several models in the literature consider the soil as an ideal conductor which the resistivity ρ and relative permittivity εr are constants. However, frequency-dependent soils are characterized by frequency-dependent (FD) electrical parameters (ρ...Show More
Impact of Frequency-Dependent Soil on Transient Ground Potential Rise of Counterpoise Electrodes
Anderson R. J. de Araújo;Wagner C. da Silva;José Pissolato Filho
2021 14th IEEE International Conference on Industry Applications (INDUSCON)
Year: 2021 | Conference Paper |
Tower-footing grounding impedance has a fundamental impact on the generated overvoltages in power system when a transmission tower is hit by lightning. In order to compute accurately the tower-footing grounding impedance, the frequency dependence of soil electrical parameters (resistivity ρg and relative permittivity εr) must be considered in the simulations. In this paper, a comparative analysis ...Show More
Computing Transient Voltages on Grounding Grids Buried in Homogeneous and Stratified Soils
Anderson R. J. de Araújo;Walter L. M. de Azevedo;Jose Pissolato Filho;Jaimis Sajid Leon Colqui;Sergio Kuroakawa
2020 IEEE PES Transmission & Distribution Conference and Exhibition - Latin America (T&D LA)
Year: 2020 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (1)
Grounding grids (GGs) are essential to guarantee protection to personnel and equipment in the electrical substation. In this context, GGs provide low impedance path to high currents during faults or lightning strikes to minimize the step and touch voltages. Several models to compute the impedance of the GG are presented in the literature combining distributed and lumped approach. In this paper, a ...Show More
Transient Voltages on Lightning Protection System with Stratified Soils and Damage Conditions
Walter L. M. de Azevedo;José L. A. D’Annibale;Anderson R. J. de Araújo;José Pissolato Filho
2020 Workshop on Communication Networks and Power Systems (WCNPS)
Year: 2020 | Conference Paper |
Lightning Protection System (LPS) must provide a low-impedance path through its grounding system when a lightning strikes at the top of buildings. This grounding system is composed by combination of vertical (VE) and horizontal electrodes (HE) and a precise computation of its impedance must consider a stratified soil. Additionally, due to corrosion and electromagnetic forces, the electrode may pre...Show More
Alternative Methods to Calculate Electromagnetic Transients in Grounding Systems
Jaimis S. L. Colqui;Anderson R. J. de Araújo;Sérgio Kurokawa;Claudiner M. Seixas
2019 International Symposium on Lightning Protection (XV SIPDA)
Year: 2019 | Conference Paper |
Grounding electrodes are essential in electrical power system to maintain a reliable operation, and to guarantee the safety of personnel and equipment. When a lightning strikes at a transmission tower, surge current waves travel to the foundations of the structure which are partially absorbed by the grounding impedance. As a consequence, the electrical potential increases in relation to a remote r...Show More
A New Methodology for Calculating Electromagnetic Transients in Transmission Lines
2018 13th IEEE International Conference on Industry Applications (INDUSCON)
Year: 2018 | Conference Paper |
paper shows a simple and efficient methodology using recursive convolutions and Vector Fitting to simulate electromagnetic transients of a single-phase transmission line during a switching procedure directly in the time domain. To validate the proposed methodology, it was tested in a single-phase transmission line considering diverse excitation voltage source and different conditions in its receiv...Show More
Overvoltage analysis of transmission towers considering the influence of tower-footing impedance
Anderson Ricardo Justo de Araújo;Claudiner Mendes de Seixas;Sérgio Kurokawa;Behzad Kordi
2017 International Symposium on Lightning Protection (XIV SIPDA)
Year: 2017 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (1)
Lightning is one of the main causes of outages due to backflashover mechanism in power systems. In this context, the tower-footing impedance presents a key role in the overvoltages caused by this phenomenon. Tower-footing impedance is traditionally modelled as a pure resistance, which is a good approximation, at low frequencies. However, the inductance and resistance of the tower-footing impedance...Show More
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