Changming Zhu - IEEE Xplore Author Profile

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One of the most crucial aspects of cellular networks is coverage, as it determines the areas where users can connect to the network and utilize its services. In the past, the use of planning tools was common practice for the establishment of coverage areas and network capacity prior to the deployment of a network. However, issues with coverage, such as interference or coverage gaps, may arise due ...Show More
The rise of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has made factories one of the main target scenarios for indoor 5G network deployments. Therefore, radio channel models for industrial environments have been already included in the 3GPP and ITU-R standards. These models account for different parameters such as factory clutter types, TX-RX distance, frequency, types of antennas or simplified ante...Show More
Cloud and edge computing play a crucial role in enabling the intelligence of Industry 4.0, while wireless tech-nologies like 5G and Wi-Fi 6 enhance its flexibility. However, selecting the appropriate technologies is nontrivial. In this paper, we present our measurements (over 360 hours) and analysis of response times in cloud and edge computing using different network access methods. We provide re...Show More
This paper investigates the possibility of using satellite connectivity via Starlink for achieving full digital inclusion in areas where traditional mobile or fixed-broadband are not cost-effective options due to low population density. The evaluation is based on experimental data and focuses on Starlink’s performance in terms of throughput, specifically assessing its potential to meet the target ...Show More
Wi-Fi is one of the WLANs technologies with the highest penetration in society worldwide. In recent years, Wi-Fi 6E has been defined, which uses the 6 GHz band with higher bandwidth and resource availability. However, the range for this band decreases due to the increase in frequency compared to 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands, hence the proposal for the use of mesh networks to overcome the limited range....Show More
Fifth Generation (5G) Millimeter cellular networks are particularly interesting within the Industry 4.0 paradigm. mmWaves provide flexibility to the industrial use case, as well as enable specific application requirements, e.g. robots needing high data rates and low latency communication. Coverage at mmWaves, however, is challenged by additional attenuation and blocking effects, requiring the use ...Show More
Over the past few decades, there has been a significant increase in the global population of internet users, electronic devices, and internet connectivity. Among the available technologies, WiFi stands out as one of the most widely used mediums for accessing the Internet. This paper aims to emphasize the significant role of the extended spectrum access in the 6 GHz band in enhancing the performanc...Show More
This letter presents a measurement campaign carried out in an FR2 urban outdoor environment in a live experimental network deployment. The radio propagation analysis from a physical perspective at 26 GHz is essential for the correct deployment and dimensioning of future communication networks. This letter performs a walk test emulating realistic conditions under which a pedestrian may be affected,...Show More
This paper addresses the challenge of energy consumption in wireless mobile networks. These networks are designed to handle peak capacity and coverage, but the traffic demand is not evenly distributed in time and space. As a result, they typically operate with an average radio resource usage of only around 30%. Thus, to enhance network efficiency and minimize energy consumption, it is crucial to u...Show More
This paper presents experimental research results for MulteFire compared with Wi-Fi 6 in an indoor industrial environment for the first time. MulteFire is the latest commercial cellular unlicensed band technology available, which is the step before 5G NR-U. Therefore, this paper could be regarded as the first real-life demonstration of what to expect from the next generation of cellular unlicensed...Show More
The emergence of the novel approach of Industry 5.0 entails the utilization of immersive technologies such as XR (Extended Reality), which promise to transform the conceptualization of industry. The advent of new technology enablers, such as next-generation mobile networks, including 5G and B5G (Beyond 5G), plays a pivotal role in enhancing productivity, optimizing operators’ training programs, an...Show More
Real-time locating systems (RTLSs) have proven to be a practical and effective solution for monitoring positions/status of humans and other entities in industrial environments, ensuring safe and efficient automated operations, by responding in real-time to unexpected events, such as the proximity of human workers to autonomous mobile robots (AMRs). This work focuses on evaluating and modeling the ...Show More
Industry 4.0 is being adopted by the manufacturing sector to improve the flexibility and reduce installation costs by the use of wireless connectivity. There is an open question of which wireless technology deployment should be used in the factory to fulfil the requirements for next-generation applications such as autonomous mobile robots. Wi-Fi technology is the most extended and easy to deploy, ...Show More
Industrial environments constitute a challenge in terms of radio propagation due to the presence of machinery and the mobility of the different agents, especially at mmWave bands. This paper presents an experimental evaluation of a FR2 5G network deployed in an operational factory scenario at 26 GHz. The experimental characterization, performed with autonomous mobile robots that self-navigate the ...Show More
Multi-cloud service scheduling is pivotal in optimizing Quality of Service (QoS). Among the key performance metrics for services, response time takes center stage, encompassing both computation and communication aspects. While previous research has primarily concentrated on enhancing communication efficiency, the computation component remains equally critical. In response to this, we propose a nov...Show More
In this paper, a novel three-dimensional (3D) irregular shaped geometry-based stochastic model (IS-GBSM) is proposed for sixth-generation (6G) millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) channels. To investigate the impact of vehicular traffic density (VTD) on channel statistics, clusters are divided into static clusters and dynamic clusters, whi...Show More
This paper presents the design and implementation of a wireless robotic cell environment based on 5G and edge-cloud technologies. In the process, different control communication protocols and architectures concerning the MQTT and OPC UA IIoT standards are considered based on available reference implementations. The industrial-grade robotic cell is evaluated in operational conditions with a focus o...Show More
We present a novel joint localization and tracking algorithm for multiple-input multiple-output active radars. The proposed algorithm, which we dub Bayesian localization and tracking (BLaT), relies on approximate Bayesian inference using the mean field approach and processes all available received data to jointly estimate the target's track and location. This approach makes it possible to take adv...Show More
As the manufacturing sector adopts Industry 4.0, the need arises for flexible and highly reliable wireless communication networks. 5G has been designed to support these industrial needs, but choosing the right deployment option is nontrivial. In this paper we empirically measure KPIs of three different commercially available 5G deployment options in the Aalborg University 5G Smart Production Lab a...Show More
Owing to more resources and higher scalability, cloud environments are more prevalent than traditional local servers to deploy Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications. In a multi-cloud environment, there are multiple alternative clouds to deploy applications. These clouds have different resources and network conditions, and at the same time, also the IIoT applications have diverse requir...Show More
Decentralized cooperative resource allocation schemes for robotic swarms are essential to enable high reliability in high throughput data message exchanges. These cooperative schemes require control signaling to avoid half-duplex problems at the receiver and mitigate interference. We propose two cooperative resource allocation schemes, device sequential and group scheduling, and introduce a contro...Show More
5G is a flexible key technology for Industry 4.0. Combined with edge-computing, Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT) systems, and other secondary wireless technologies such as Wi-Fi and MuLTEfire, it will transform the Factories of the Future into more advanced, safer, and more flexible smart production environments. In this paper, we present our research visions, and our reference implementation ...Show More
The digital transformation accomplished in recent years in the agricultural, farming, forestry, and transport industries has led to a series of emerging connectivity-based use cases that demand ubiquitous coverage. In such a scenario, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN), and their integration with Terrestrial Networks (TN), will play a key role to achieve global and seamless connectivity. This paper ev...Show More
This work presents the analysis of a measurement campaign performed in a realistic two-hall industrial environment for FR2 band. In order to provide secure, reliable and high available Machine-to-Machine communications in the mmWave band for Industrial Internet of Things mobile applications, a study of the physical propagation channel must be carried out. The analysis shows the high variability of...Show More
Cellular-connected unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has attracted a surge of research interest in both academia and industry. To support aerial user equipment (UEs) in the existing cellular networks, one promising approach is to assign a portion of the system bandwidth exclusively to the UAV-UEs. This is especially favorable for use cases where a large number of UAV-UEs are exploited, e.g., for packa...Show More