Sherif R. Zahran - IEEE Xplore Author Profile

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In this letter, a phase-based algorithm based on a logarithmic method, applicable to UWB radars and suitable to real-time monitoring, is proposed to detect the phase variations of reflected pulses caused by the tiny cardiac motions. Compared with conventional FFT vital signs detection method, this algorithm demonstrates advantage in respiration harmonics suppression and avoidance of intermodulatio...Show More
Ultra-wide band (UWB) pulse Doppler radars provide range-time-frequency information which enables the target localization and vital sign monitoring of a subject. One challenge for UWB radar systems is accurately detecting the heartbeat of a subject, i.e. recording the small displacements of thorax caused by heartbeat due to its poor S/N ratio. Given that the phase-based algorithms are more robust ...Show More
Continuous monitoring of vital information via a wireless medium has become an integral part of next-generation health-care technologies. The benefits of a wireless monitoring technique include facilitating in-home care services, reduction of the cost of frequent visits to hospitals, and lightening of the burden to the elderly persons. The development of miniature, lightweight, and energy-efficien...Show More
UWB Doppler radar is capable of monitoring vital signs of human beings in a non-contact way by detecting the changes in the time of flight of narrow pulses emitted by the radar and reflected from the human chest. However, the received signal may be corrupted when there is a random motion if handheld UWB radar is used, especially when the amplitude of motion is higher than that of the thoracic moti...Show More
We present a novel printed dual-layer three-way directional coupler, which can be utilized as 3$\,\times\,$ 3 beamforming network (BFN) to provide orthogonal three-beam switching capability. The three-way directional coupler is a passive component with six input/output ports. The signal injected into the input port is equally distributed into the three output ports, with a constant phase differenc...Show More
Pulse Doppler radars using UWB technology are becoming very popular for their wide range of capabilities and applications. UWB waveforms are used for imaging in indoor environments, target localization and classification behind walls, and evaluating micro-Doppler signatures. UWB pulse Doppler radars provide range-time-frequency representation that provides both highly accurate range and micro-Dopp...Show More
A novel parallel-series feeding network for microstrip antenna arrays has been presented. A three-way power divider is utilized to connect the subarrays with the series-fed transmission lines. The proposed power divider is composed of seven transmission lines with different characteristic impedances and two isolation resistors. By changing the characteristic impedance of the transmission lines, th...Show More
There is a need for the development of a low cost, low jitter, fast processing hardware for various ultrawideband (UWB) radar applications, such as dynamic real-time imaging and micro-Doppler human motion detection with high range resolution. Achieving such high range resolution is typically limited by the availability of low cost gigahertz sampling speed electronics. In order to achieve dynamic r...Show More
Pulse Doppler radars using UWB technology are becoming very popular for their wide range of capabilities and applications. UWB waveforms are used for imaging in indoor environments, target localization and classification behind walls, and evaluating micro-Doppler signatures. Typically, CW and FMCW radars are used for measuring time Doppler frequency shifts and subsequently providing time-frequency...Show More
In this paper, we discuss using field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to process either time- or frequency-domain signals in human sensing radar applications. One example will be given for a continuous-wave (CW) Doppler radar and another for an ultrawideband (UWB) pulse–Doppler (PD) radar. The example for the CW Doppler radar utilizes a novel superheterodyne receiver to suppress low-frequency noi...Show More
In this paper, we present a low cost ultra wideband (UWB) biometric radar sensor for respiration detection and monitoring applications. By using pulse Doppler radar technology, the developed sensor goes beyond detecting the breathing of a single person as conventional radars do; to simultaneously localizing and monitoring multiple human objects as well. The biometric sensor achieves a high range r...Show More
In this letter, a novel wide-beam circularly polarized (CP) antenna is presented for satellite digital audio radio service (SDARS) band (2320–2345 MHz), intended for application in portable terminals. This new antenna is comprised of four independent radiation units that are axial symmetrical around the center. The radiation unit is miniaturized by using a distributed capacitive load and a short p...Show More
This paper presents the development of a compact integrated sampling module for Ultra Wideband (UWB) see through wall radar. The development of this radar is geared towards see through wall imaging and micro-Doppler detection of any human motions. The radar transmits a UWB impulse signal for high rang resolution and utilizes 8 Vivaldi antenna array as receive array to achieve fine azimuth resoluti...Show More
A previously developed simulation platform for localization purposes has been extended and customized to accurately analyze and simulate ultra wideband (UWB) through-wall imaging (TWI) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems as well. The newly added features/modules include electromagnetic simulator to account for wall presence and target scattering, a wideband backprojection imaging algorithm, and...Show More
A novel three-way microstrip line power divider structure using branch directional coupler is presented. The power divider is formed by two symmetrically placed branch directional couplers. The transmission characteristics of the power divider have been modeled and analyzed by using even/odd modes excitation method as well as transmission line theory. This paper also gives the design method on how...Show More
A UWB impulse Doppler radar has been developed recently to detect the micro-Doppler signatures of human motions. The system RF front-end, wideband antenna array and high speed data acquisition module are introduced in details. The developed radar is used to detect the Doppler features of arms swing, which has unique characteristics compared to movements of other body components, for intelligent hu...Show More
A novel compact tapered microstrip slot antenna has been developed for microwave breast imaging. The antenna is designed assuming that it will be embedded in breast tissues rather than air. By using a microstrip tapered slot with a fork-shaped feeding structure, the designed antenna has achieved a good matching performance at 2 to 8 GHz. The total size of the antenna is only 0.13λ × 0.13λ at the l...Show More
Ultra wideband (UWB) wireless systems have many advantages in indoor environments with dense multipath. UWB positioning systems are increasingly used in indoor environments to track and locate important assets. Many applications exist in medicine for UWB positioning which includes tracking personnel, assets, and even surgical navigation. We have designed a UWB positioning system with millimeter ra...Show More
Ultra wideband (UWB) positioning systems are increasingly used in indoor environments since commercial systems can provide 3-D accuracy of a few centimeters. Many applications exist in medicine for UWB positioning which includes tracking personnel, assets, and surgical navigation. We have designed a UWB positioning system with millimeter accuracy. Certain applications, including surgical navigatio...Show More
A microwave imaging system prototype has been developed for early breast cancer detection. The system is based on impulse Ultra-Wideband (UWB) radar technology. A novel, practical calibration method has been applied in our system to remove the large received signals due to both skin backscattering and Tx/Rx antenna coupling, and to underline the reflection/scattering from object of interest. This ...Show More
A 3-D UWB SAR has been designed to detect the positions of the targets behind the wall and identify them as well. The beam scanning is based on the mechanical movement of the wideband Tx/Rx Vivaldi array. The system transceiver and 3-D microwave beamforming algorithm are introduced in details. An experiment is performed to recover the 3-D images of a human mock-up. The demonstrated 3-D imaging res...Show More
A comprehensive simulation paradigm for UWB systems has been outlined. Its use in accurately simulating the performance of actual experimental through wall imaging radar and indoor positioning systems has been presented. The accuracy of the simulation framework has been validated experimentally using our UWB imaging radar and indoor positioning prototypes. This general framework provides a robust ...Show More
A system level framework has been developed to simulate the UWB three-dimensional through-wall radar system and accurately predict its performance limitations. Only through a novel simulation model where Agilent ADS Ptolemy simulation is used combined with its Matlab co-simulation, is it possible to accurately simulate the UWB radar system. The developed simulation model has been validated experim...Show More
A reconfigurable ultra-wideband system for through wall imaging application has been developed. The radar operating frequency can be selected to cover either 2-4 GHz or 8-10 GHz UWB bands. The lower UWB band is used to minimize through wall attenuation for relatively high loss wall materials, but the upper band can be utilized to achieve high image resolution for relatively low loss walls. A synth...Show More
Two Vivaldi antenna arrays have been presented. First is an 8-element tapered slot array covering 1.2 to 4 GHz band for STW applications for brick/concrete wall imaging. Second is a 16-element antipodal array operating at 8 to 10.6 GHz for high resolution imaging when penetrating through dry wall. Based on the two designs, and utilizing a smooth wide band slot to microstrip transition to feed the ...Show More