A Multipath Balancing Circuit Based on a Flyback Converter With Battery Switching Units

This article proposes a flyback-based topology with battery switching units to address the issues of the inconsistency among battery packs and battery failure, thus avoiding the significant waste associated with replacing the entire battery pack as usual. To achieve efficient and fast equalization under complex imbalanced conditions, the proposed topology can switch between buck–boost and flyback mode with multipath balancing channels and arbitrary cell(s) to cell(s) balancing modes flexibly. Also, a fuzzy control strategy is adopted to realize efficient transmission and distribution of the energy. Furthermore, a series of influencing factors on balancing performance are analyzed mathematically and in simulation according to the established model. Finally, to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, experiments based on a four-battery pack are carried out and results indicate that the proposed approach not only realizes arbitrary battery cell switching functionality but also achieves high efficiency and rapid equalization.