A 0.4 V, $-$ 77.2 dBm WuRX With Digitalized Loop-Calibration and Temperature-Compensation

This article introduces ultralow power, high sensitivity, and wide temperature range wake-up receiver (WuRX) for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A digitalized global calibration loop (DGCL) is proposed for the differential WuRX to remove the global offsets and avoid the degradation in sensitivity. Moreover, this article proposes a digital temperature compensation (DTC) with a gate leakage-based sensor, improving the sensitivity and robustness of the WuRX in a wide temperature range with a low-power consumption. The proposed WuRX is implemented in a 65 nm LP CMOS process, occupying an active area of 0.3 mm
$^{2}$
. Operating at 915 MHz, it has a
$-$
77.2 dBm sensitivity at 100 bps while consuming 5.24 nW from 0.4 V supply voltage. When the temperature changes from
$-$
30
$^{\circ}$
C to 70
$^{\circ}$
C, the
$S11$
variation is reduced by 67% due to the presence of DTC.