A Region-Wide Cost-Benefit Assessment of Residential V2G Participation in Demand Response

Participation of Electric Vehicles (EVs) in providing grid services is becoming popular for the economic benefits to their stakeholders, i.e., Local Distribution Companies (LDCs), ratepayers, and EV owners. Battery Electric Vehicles can be effectively used for power system applications such as demand response and peak shaving. However, there is a lack of region-wide cost-benefit analysis of Vehicle to Grid (V2G) participation in providing grid services. Thus, this paper introduces a model that could be utilized to perform residential V2G mainly to evaluate its effect on non-participating ratepayers as a measure of fairness. The developed model yields the benefit-to-cost ratios (BCRs) for LDCs (administrators), ratepayers (those who don’t participate in V2G), and EV owners (participants).