Real Time Electrocardiogram Monitoring Device to Detect Arrhythmia Using Arduino

Cardiovascular disease is one of the diseases that needs more awareness since it can lead to death. Arrhythmia is a cardiovascular disease caused by irregular heart rhythm and can affect human organ performance. However, the arrhythmia symptoms are challenging for patients to detect directly. Therefore, monitoring devices are needed to detect the presence of arrhythmia. An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a non-invasive device that records heart activity. ECG is beneficial for patients who want to monitor their heart conditions. However, patients must usually go to the hospital to know about their heart condition. This study aims to design a monitoring device that utilizes an ECG sensor to detect arrhythmia of two types, premature ventricular contractions (PVC) and tachycardia, and obtain high accuracy with a simple algorithm. The proposed device was designed with six main components: ECG sensor, AD8232 module, Arduino nano, battery, reset button, and display output. Furthermore, the proposed device utilized an R-R interval and the time interval of every R wave to calculate the heartbeat and to classify the arrhythmia features, especially for PVC and tachycardia. The performance of the proposed device was examined on three respondents with different health conditions. The results showed that the proposed device could perform considerably high accuracy when tested on three respondents, with an average accuracy of 99.99%.