Space Target Positioning Under Gaze Mode of Collaborative Distributed Video Satellite

Currently, the number of space debris and other space targets is significantly increasing, which poses a great threat to the safety of spacecraft. Therefore, the necessity of space target positioning is increasingly strong. The localization of space targets under ground-based systems is limited for it is affected and constrained by atmospheric refraction, weather, and observation range. In contrast, distributed video satellites are a potential means of space target localization due to their wide field of view and the ability of continuous gaze imaging. However, in practical situations, there is noise between the observed values of satellite parameters and the actual values, which leads to significant errors in the conventional analytical calculation of the target position At the same time, the nonlinear observation equations make nonlinear least square method need a longer calculation time. To address this issue, this paper proposes a method for space target positioning under gaze mode of collaborative distributed video satellite. This paper proposes a two-step computational linearization scheme based on the target gaze observation equation, and provides a linear least squares estimate of the target position The proposed method reduces the impact of observation noise on target positioning accuracy and accelerates calculation speed. The simulation experiment results show that compared with conventional analytical calculation methods, the method proposed in this paper can effectively reduce the errors caused by distance and angle errors in target positioning; Compared to nonlinear least squares estimation, the method proposed in this paper can increase the computational speed by 10
⁴
times.