Sarsimht-NG Campaign Over Southern Italy for Investigating Sub-Daily Water Processes

This paper reports on the European Space Agency (ESA) SARSimHT-NG experiment conducted in 2022 over a well-researched location in southern Italy. The experiment involved extensive ground data gathering coordinated with the German Aerospace Center’s (DLR) F-SAR airborne acquisitions in C- and L-bands. The campaign aimed to simulate and analyse geostationary Synthetic Aperture Radar (GeoSAR) measurements over an agricultural area. Besides, it explored the synergy between GeoSAR systems and other Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite missions, namely Sentinel-1 Next Generation (NG) and the Radar Observation System for Europe in L-band (ROSE-L). The hyper-temporal repeat cycle of GEoSAR systems is instrumental in investigating the rapid processes of the water cycle. The concept was developed for the Hydroterra mission proposal submitted to the ESA Earth Explorer 10 call and studied in phase 0. The paper illustrates the soil and vegetation in situ data collected together with the L- and C-band fully polarimetric SAR time series acquired at a very high revisit. Moreover, insights into the retrieval of the surface dynamics of the water cycle are also provided.