Microfluidic Device for Diffracted X-ray Tracking Method to Measure the Conformational Change of Ion Channel in Response to Chemical Stimuli

This paper presents a novel microfluidic device tailored for diffracted X-ray tracking (DXT) method, which allows detailed observation of ion channel conformational changes at the single-molecule level in response to chemical stimuli. The design of the microfluidic device allows for precision in controlling the solution environment around the ion channel, facilitating the sequential motion of ion channel in response to transitions between two chemical conditions. Through its application for DXT measurements, we have successfully observed the twisting motion of the KcsA potassium channel as it responds to varying pH levels.